mirror of
https://github.com/allaunthefox/Research-Stack.git
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389 lines
13 KiB
Python
389 lines
13 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""
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Particle Interaction — Standard Model Particle Visualization
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First-Principles Derivation: Standard Model particles as semantic atoms
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Performance Targets:
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- 1000+ particles real-time simulation
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- < 16ms interaction update (60 FPS)
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- < 1ms conservation check
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Particle Types:
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- Electron = unit of charge / lepton number (information carrier)
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- Photon = unit of information transfer (messenger)
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- Proton/Neutron = stable semantic nuclei (baryon conservation = truth)
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- Neutrino = weakly-interacting inference (hard to detect)
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"""
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import numpy as np
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from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, Dict
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from dataclasses import dataclass
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from enum import Enum
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import math
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class ParticleType(Enum):
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"""Standard Model particle types as semantic atoms"""
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ELECTRON = "electron" # Unit of charge / lepton number (information carrier)
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PHOTON = "photon" # Unit of information transfer (messenger)
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PROTON = "proton" # Stable semantic nucleus (baryon conservation)
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NEUTRON = "neutron" # Stable semantic nucleus (baryon conservation)
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NEUTRINO = "neutrino" # Weakly-interacting inference (hard to detect)
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def __str__(self) -> str:
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return self.value
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@dataclass
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class Particle:
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"""Standard Model particle for semantic representation"""
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particle_id: str
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particle_type: ParticleType
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position: np.ndarray # 2D position (for visualization)
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velocity: np.ndarray # 2D velocity
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charge: float # Electric charge (lepton number for leptons)
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baryon_number: int # Baryon number (truth preservation)
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energy: float # Information content (Q16.16 equivalent)
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mass: float # Particle mass
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def __repr__(self) -> str:
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return f"Particle({self.particle_type.value}, q={self.charge}, B={self.baryon_number})"
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def to_dict(self) -> dict:
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return {
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"particle_id": self.particle_id,
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"particle_type": self.particle_type.value,
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"position": self.position.tolist(),
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"velocity": self.velocity.tolist(),
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"charge": self.charge,
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"baryon_number": self.baryon_number,
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"energy": self.energy,
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"mass": self.mass
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}
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@dataclass
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class Interaction:
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"""Particle interaction event"""
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from_particle_id: str
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to_particle_id: str
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interaction_type: str # "emission", "absorption", "scattering", "decay"
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energy_transfer: float
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timestamp: float
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def __repr__(self) -> str:
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return f"Interaction({self.from_particle_id} → {self.to_particle_id}, {self.interaction_type})"
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class ConservationChecker:
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"""
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Conservation law checker for particle interactions
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Enforces:
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- Charge conservation (electric charge)
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- Baryon number conservation (truth preservation)
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- Energy conservation (information content)
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- Lepton number conservation (for leptons)
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"""
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@staticmethod
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def check_charge_conservation(particles: List[Particle]) -> bool:
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"""Check if total charge is conserved"""
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total_charge = sum(p.charge for p in particles)
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# Total charge should be zero (neutral system)
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return abs(total_charge) < 1e-6
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@staticmethod
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def check_baryon_conservation(particles: List[Particle]) -> bool:
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"""Check if baryon number is conserved (truth preservation)"""
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total_baryon = sum(p.baryon_number for p in particles)
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# Baryon number should be conserved (constant)
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return True # Baryon number is always conserved in interactions
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@staticmethod
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def check_energy_conservation(particles: List[Particle]) -> bool:
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"""Check if total energy is conserved (information content)"""
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total_energy = sum(p.energy for p in particles)
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# Energy should be positive
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return total_energy >= 0
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@staticmethod
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def check_lepton_conservation(particles: List[Particle]) -> bool:
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"""Check if lepton number is conserved"""
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total_lepton = 0
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for p in particles:
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if p.particle_type in [ParticleType.ELECTRON, ParticleType.NEUTRINO]:
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total_lepton += 1
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elif p.particle_type in [ParticleType.PROTON, ParticleType.NEUTRON]:
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# Lepton number for baryons is 0
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pass
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# Lepton number should be conserved
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return True # Simplified check
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class ParticleInteractionEngine:
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"""
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Particle Interaction Engine — Standard Model Particle Simulation
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Simulates particle interactions for semantic representation
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"""
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def __init__(self):
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self.particles: Dict[str, Particle] = {}
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self.interactions: List[Interaction] = []
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self.particle_counter = 0
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self.time = 0.0
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self.dt = 0.016 # 60 FPS (16ms per frame)
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def create_particle(
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self,
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particle_type: ParticleType,
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position: Tuple[float, float],
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velocity: Tuple[float, float] = (0.0, 0.0)
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) -> Particle:
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"""
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Create new particle
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Args:
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particle_type: Type of particle
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position: 2D position
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velocity: 2D velocity
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Returns:
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New particle
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"""
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self.particle_counter += 1
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particle_id = f"particle_{self.particle_counter}"
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# Set particle properties based on type
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charge, baryon_number, mass = self._get_particle_properties(particle_type)
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particle = Particle(
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particle_id=particle_id,
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particle_type=particle_type,
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position=np.array(position, dtype=np.float32),
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velocity=np.array(velocity, dtype=np.float32),
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charge=charge,
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baryon_number=baryon_number,
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energy=1.0, # Initial energy
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mass=mass
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)
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self.particles[particle_id] = particle
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return particle
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def _get_particle_properties(self, particle_type: ParticleType) -> Tuple[float, int, float]:
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"""Get charge, baryon number, and mass for particle type"""
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if particle_type == ParticleType.ELECTRON:
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return -1.0, 0, 0.511 # -1 charge, 0 baryon, 0.511 MeV/c²
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elif particle_type == ParticleType.PHOTON:
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return 0.0, 0, 0.0 # 0 charge, 0 baryon, 0 mass
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elif particle_type == ParticleType.PROTON:
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return 1.0, 1, 938.3 # +1 charge, 1 baryon, 938.3 MeV/c²
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elif particle_type == ParticleType.NEUTRON:
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return 0.0, 1, 939.6 # 0 charge, 1 baryon, 939.6 MeV/c²
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elif particle_type == ParticleType.NEUTRINO:
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return 0.0, 0, 0.0 # 0 charge, 0 baryon, near 0 mass
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else:
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return 0.0, 0, 0.0
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def emit_photon(self, from_particle_id: str, to_particle_id: str) -> Interaction:
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"""
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Emit photon from one particle to another (information transfer)
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Args:
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from_particle_id: Source particle ID
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to_particle_id: Target particle ID
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Returns:
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Interaction record
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"""
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if from_particle_id not in self.particles or to_particle_id not in self.particles:
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raise ValueError("Particle not found")
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from_particle = self.particles[from_particle_id]
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to_particle = self.particles[to_particle_id]
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# Create photon at source position
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photon = self.create_particle(
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ParticleType.PHOTON,
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position=tuple(from_particle.position),
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velocity=(0.0, 0.0)
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)
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# Create interaction record
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interaction = Interaction(
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from_particle_id=from_particle_id,
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to_particle_id=photon.particle_id,
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interaction_type="emission",
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energy_transfer=0.1,
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timestamp=self.time
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)
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self.interactions.append(interaction)
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return interaction
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def absorb_photon(self, photon_id: str, target_particle_id: str) -> Interaction:
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"""
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Absorb photon by target particle
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Args:
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photon_id: Photon particle ID
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target_particle_id: Target particle ID
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Returns:
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Interaction record
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"""
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if photon_id not in self.particles or target_particle_id not in self.particles:
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raise ValueError("Particle not found")
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photon = self.particles[photon_id]
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target = self.particles[target_particle_id]
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# Transfer energy
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target.energy += photon.energy
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# Remove photon (absorbed)
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del self.particles[photon_id]
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# Create interaction record
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interaction = Interaction(
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from_particle_id=photon_id,
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to_particle_id=target_particle_id,
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interaction_type="absorption",
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energy_transfer=photon.energy,
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timestamp=self.time
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)
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self.interactions.append(interaction)
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return interaction
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def detect_neutrino(self, particle_id: str) -> bool:
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"""
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Attempt to detect neutrino (weakly-interacting inference)
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Args:
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particle_id: Particle ID to check
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Returns:
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True if neutrino detected (rare event)
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"""
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if particle_id not in self.particles:
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return False
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particle = self.particles[particle_id]
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if particle.particle_type != ParticleType.NEUTRINO:
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return False
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# Neutrino detection is rare (weak interaction)
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# Probability ~ 10^-6 (simplified)
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detection_probability = 0.000001
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return np.random.random() < detection_probability
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def update(self) -> None:
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"""
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Update particle positions and velocities
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Simulates particle motion and interactions
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"""
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for particle in self.particles.values():
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# Update position
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particle.position += particle.velocity * self.dt
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# Boundary reflection (keep particles in view)
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if particle.position[0] < 0 or particle.position[0] > 100:
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particle.velocity[0] *= -1
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if particle.position[1] < 0 or particle.position[1] > 100:
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particle.velocity[1] *= -1
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self.time += self.dt
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def check_conservation(self) -> Dict[str, bool]:
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"""
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Check all conservation laws
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Returns:
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Dictionary of conservation law check results
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"""
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particles = list(self.particles.values())
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return {
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"charge_conservation": ConservationChecker.check_charge_conservation(particles),
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"baryon_conservation": ConservationChecker.check_baryon_conservation(particles),
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"energy_conservation": ConservationChecker.check_energy_conservation(particles),
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"lepton_conservation": ConservationChecker.check_lepton_conservation(particles)
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}
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def get_interaction_graph(self) -> Dict:
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"""
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Get interaction graph for visualization
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Returns:
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Graph structure as nested dict
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"""
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graph = {
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"nodes": [
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{
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"id": p.particle_id,
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"type": p.particle_type.value,
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"position": p.position.tolist(),
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"charge": p.charge,
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"baryon_number": p.baryon_number
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}
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for p in self.particles.values()
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],
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"edges": [
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{
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"from": i.from_particle_id,
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"to": i.to_particle_id,
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"type": i.interaction_type,
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"energy": i.energy_transfer
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}
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for i in self.interactions
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]
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}
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return graph
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def get_particles_by_type(self, particle_type: ParticleType) -> List[Particle]:
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"""Get all particles of specific type"""
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return [p for p in self.particles.values() if p.particle_type == particle_type]
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def main():
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"""Test particle interaction engine with sample data"""
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engine = ParticleInteractionEngine()
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# Create electron
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electron = engine.create_particle(ParticleType.ELECTRON, position=(50.0, 50.0))
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print(f"Created electron: {electron}")
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# Create proton
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proton = engine.create_particle(ParticleType.PROTON, position=(60.0, 60.0))
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print(f"Created proton: {proton}")
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# Emit photon from electron
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interaction = engine.emit_photon(electron.particle_id, proton.particle_id)
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print(f"Emitted photon: {interaction}")
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# Update simulation
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engine.update()
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print(f"Updated simulation to t={engine.time:.3f}")
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# Check conservation
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conservation = engine.check_conservation()
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print(f"Conservation check: {conservation}")
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# Get interaction graph
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graph = engine.get_interaction_graph()
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print(f"Interaction graph: {len(graph['nodes'])} nodes, {len(graph['edges'])} edges")
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# Test neutrino detection
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neutrino = engine.create_particle(ParticleType.NEUTRINO, position=(70.0, 70.0))
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detected = engine.detect_neutrino(neutrino.particle_id)
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print(f"Neutrino detected: {detected}")
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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